Linda Webb
Fine Guidance Sensor
The FGS on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST)
The Hubble Space Telescope has three Fine Guidance Sensors (FGSs). Two are used to point and lock the telescope at the target, and the third can be used for position measurements – also known as astrometry. Because FGSs are so accurate, they can be used to measuring stellar distances and also to examine binary star systems.
The three FGSs are at 90-degree intervals around the perimeter of the field of view telescope. To To achieve the high precision pointing Hubble needs, FGSs interferometers are built to the undulating nature of the in-coming Starlight exploitation. With this kind of accuracy and precision, the sensors can look for a deviation in the motion of nearby stars that the presence of a planetary companion can indicate, to determine if certain stars really double stars, measuring the angle of stars, galaxies, etc.
The camera can capture two adjacent fields of view, each about 2.4 arc-minutes 2.4 arc-minutes in size, and can also be configured to read out small pixel subarrays August 8 with a rate of 16 times per second. Even with this short integration times, the FGS is sensitive enough to reach 58 Jy at 1.25 m (~ Jab = 19.5). This combination of sky coverage and sensitivity makes a good guide star can be found with 95% probability at any point in the sky, including high galactic latitudes.
Due to the sensitivity of the FGS they can not be used while the HST is delivered within 50 degrees of the Sun
FGS on the James Webb Space Telescope
A guiding system, also called FGS, but using a different technology, is also planned for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). It provides input for the attitude of the planned observatory Control System (ACS). During on-orbit commissioning of the JWST, the FGS will also point error signals activities during the adjustment to achieve and phasing of the segments of the deployable primary mirror.
The JWST FGS will be provided by the Canadian Space Agency.
JWST FGS Functions
The JWST FGS-Guider has three major functions. The first is to obtain images for target acquisition. Full-frame images are used for field stars identity by correlating the observed brightness and the position of the sources with the characteristics of cataloged objects selected by the observation planning. The second be acquired preselected guide stars. During acquisition, a first guide star centered in an 8 8 pixel window. Small angle maneuvers are performed to translate this window to a predefined location within the horizon, so an observation with one of the scientific instruments are correctly oriented. Finally, the third ACS is the center of gravity measurements provided by the guide stars at a rate of 16 times per second. These measurements will be used for stable pointing at the milli-arc-second level.
References
^ Nelan, Edmund; Lupie, Olivia, McArthur, Barbara, Benedict, G. Fritz, Franz, Otto, Wasserman, Larry Reed, Linda; Makidon, Russ et al. (1998). "The Fine Guidance Sensors aboard the Hubble Space Telescope, the scientific potential of this Interferometers" Proc SPIE 3350: .. 237247 doi:. 10.1117/12.317121 http://www.stsci.edu/hst/fgs/documents/papers/spie.pdf ..
External links
FGS page at STScI
HST Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS1R)
The HST Fine Guidance Sensor at ESA / Hubble
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Hubble Space Telescope
The current instruments
Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS) Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3)
Predecessors
Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement (Costar) Faint Object Camera (FOC) Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS) Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS / HRS) High Speed Photometer (HSP) Wide Field and Planetary Camera (WFPC) and Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2)
Shuttle missions
launch: STS-31 1990 Maintenance: 1993 STS-61 STS-82 1997 STS-1999 STS-103 STS-109 2002 125 2009
Special Fields & Images
Hubble Deep Field 1995 Hubble Deep Field Hubble Ultra Deep Field South 1998 2003-4 2004-5 Extended Groth Strip Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey
Category: Hubble Space Telescope | Telescope instruments About the Author
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