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Outrigger Canoe
History
The traditional ppao of Tonga.
Hawaiiloa, a double hull sailing canoe built as a replica of the Polynesian voyaging canoes.
Outrigger canoes were originally developed by the Austronesian-speaking peoples of the islands of Southeast Asia for the sea, and were used to transport these peoples both eastward to Polynesia and New Zealand and west across the Indian Ocean in Madagascar where the Austronesian migration period. Even today The day is usually among the Austronesian groups (Malay, Micronesian, Melanesian and Polynesian peoples) that outrigger canoes are used.
Beam canoes are also used in certain non-Austronesian groups including Sinhalese in Sri Lanka, where they are known as oruwa, and in some populations in the Andaman and Nicobar islands. The ethnological significance of this spread has been studied by James Hornell.
When Magellan's ships first encountered Chamorros of the Marianas in 1521, Antonio Pigafetta recorded the Chamorros' sailboats far surpassed Magellan's in speed and agility.
Traveling the Polynesian Society has two double hull sailing canoes, Hklea and Hawaiiloa, and they sail between the islands in the Pacific using traditional Polynesian methods of navigation without instruments.
Technology has persisted in modern times. Outrigger canoes can be quite large fish or transport ships, and in the Philippines, outrigger canoes (called Bangka, parao or balanghai) are often equipped with a gasoline engine. The links between sea and outrigger canoes in the Philippines to extend through the political life, where the smallest political unity in the country under the name of Barangay after the historic Balangai outrigger canoes used in the original the first migrations of Austronesian peoples across the archipelago and beyond.
Modern sport use
Outrigger canoe racing has become a popular canoeing sport, with numerous clubs located around the world. Outrigger Canoe Racing State of Hawaii and an interscholastic sports high school sports. Hawaii entire families participate in the summer games with age groups Manini (children as young as 6 with an adult steer person) and age 12 to age 60 +.
Key races in Hawaii, the Molokai Hoe (Men 43 mi/69 km race of the island of Molokai to Oahu on Channel Kaiwi), Na Wahine O Ke Kai (same race for women) and the Queen Liliuokalani Race held near Kona on the island of Hawaii.
Outrigger Racing canoes. The canoe on the front right, with a narrower hull and smaller body, a person outrigger canoe, or OC1. The other person outrigger canoes, six canoes, or OC6.
Six-person outrigger canoes (or OC6) are among the most commonly used for sport use, single person outrigger canoes (or OC1) are also very common. Two and four person outrigger canoes are also sometimes used, and two six-person outrigger canoes are sometimes rigged together like a catamaran to a twelve-form a double canoe.
Modern OC6 hulls and AMAs are often made of fiberglass reinforced plastic. However, some canoes made of more traditional materials. In ancient Hawaii, canoes were carved from the trunk of old trees KOA. These canoes, although rare, are still very much in use. The iako are usually made of wood, iako iako, ama-hull connection and are usually done with rope wrapped and tied in interlocking fashion to the risk of reducing the compound is completely separate if the rope breaks.
Modern OC1 hulls and AMAs are often made of fiberglass reinforced plastic, carbon fiber reinforced plastic, and / or Kevlar to a strong but light canoe production. OC1 are often made with rudders operated by foot pedals. More traditional designs do not stir. OC1 iako frequently made of aluminum with a mechanism for fast assembly and disassembly of the canoe (snaps, large wing nuts, etc.).
See also
Canoeing
Ama and Aka
Pirogue
Proa
Vinta
Catamaran
Oruwa
Jukung
References
^ Gerhard Kapitn, Records of Indigenous vessels in Sri Lanka: The single outrigger fishing canoe oruwaart 2.2: rowed, paddled and poled oru, International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, Vol. 18
^ Irenus Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Land of a Thousand Atolls: A Study of Marine Life in the Maldives and Nicobar Islands, World Publishing Co., Cleveland and New York, 1964.
Further reading
Gary Dierking (2007) Building Outrigger Sailing Canoes, McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 978-0-07-148791-7
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Outrigger canoes
Polynesian Society traveling
Takia Outrigger Canoe Club Fiji
Northern California Outrigger Canoe Association
Hawai'i Association and Race Links
Hawaiian Canoe Racing Association
Queen Lili'uokalani Canoe Race (Kai Opua)
How Moloka'i
After Wahine O Ke Kai
Japan Outrigger Canoe Network
World of Boats at Eyemouth ~ Outrigger Canoes:
Tongan Pao Pao
Fiji Proa
Traditional Papua Single Outrigger
Original Outrigger Canoe (Drua) in the Fiji Museum
An Introduction to Canoe Outrigger Paddling
Orchid Outriggers – Experience Photo Tours in handmade canoes stamp on the central coast of California.
An interactive children's with a traditional outrigger canoe commissioned by the National Museum of Australia
Dragon Boat and Outrigger Canoe website
"The Longest Canoe Paddle in modern history "Article about outrigger canoe trip to the Northwest of Hawaii Hawaii. Maui No Ka 'Oi Magazine Vol. 11, No. 1 (January 2007).
"Canoes Carve that" article about surfing outrigger canoe Hawai'i. Maui No Ka 'Oi Magazine Vol. 11, No. 3 (May 2007).
"Master Strokes. "Article on outrigger canoe club in Haleiwa, Hawai'i. Hana Hou! Vol. 10, No. 3 (June / July 2007).
new hope outriggers – Complete online resource for the sport and history of outrigger canoeing.
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Types of sailing vessels and rigs
Barca Longa Barque Barquentine Bermuda Bermuda sloop rig Bilander Brig Brigantine Caravel Carrack Catamaran Catboat Clipper Dutch Clipper Cog Corvette Cutter Dhow Dinghy Felucca East Indiaman Fifie Fluyt Fore & Aft cabin Rig Frigate Full Fusta gaff rig rigged ship Galleon Gunter Rig Galeas Galiote Hermaphrodite Brig Herring Buss Hoy Jackass-barque Junk Ketch nave Lugger Man-of-war Mast Aft cabin Rig Mersey Flat Multihull Nao Nordland Norfolk Punt Norfolk Wherry Pausik pinnace Pilot Cutter Pink Pocket Cruiser Polacca Pram Point Razee proa sailing Sailing hydrofoil Schooner Ship of the Line Sixareen Sgoth Shitik Sloop Sloop-of-war Smack Snow Square Rig Tall Ship Thames Sailing Barge Trailer sailer Trimaran Vinta Wherry Windjammer Windsurfer Well smack Xebec Yacht Yawl Yoal
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Indigenous culture Oceania
List of resources about traditional arts and culture of Oceania
Arts
ahu Australia Hawaii kapa Austronesia Cook Islands (Hawaii) lei (Hawaii) magimagi Mori moai New Zealand Oceania Papua New Guinea reimiro t moko tapa ["Masi (Fiji)," ngatu "(Tonga) "Siapo (Smoa)," UHA "(Rotuma)] Tabua ta'ovala tattoo tfui tivaivai
Broad culture
areca nut Kava culture kava, ["AWA" (Hawaii), "Ava" (Smoa), "Yaqona" (Fiji), or "sakau" (Pohnpei)] Lapita Mori Polynesia Polynesian Navigation carvings
Geo-specific, general
Australia Australian Aboriginal astronomy Austronesia Caroline Islands Chatham Islands Cook Islands-Pwo Easter Island Fiji, Lau Islands, traditions and ceremonies Guam Hawaii, Kiribati, Lomilomi massage French Polynesia's Marquesas Islands Marshall Islands, the Federated-Stick cards States of Micronesia Nauru New Caledonia New Zealand Niue Norfolk Island Palau Papua New Guinea Pitcairn Islands Solomon Islands Tonga Smoa Torres Strait Islands Tuvalu Vanuatu Wallis and Futuna Yap, navigation, navigation Weriyeng School
Canoes
Aboriginal Alingano Maisu Drua Dugout Dugout (boat) Hawaiiloa Hklea modern Hawaiian outrigger Mori migration Outrigger Polynesian sailing Proa Waka, Walap-List
Dance
"Aparima CIBI Fara fire dancing firewalking haka Kapa Haka hivinau hula kailao Kiribati meke 'ote'a pa'o'a Siva poi Rotuma Tahiti Tonga tmr tautoga' upa'upa
Festivals
Australia Garma Festival Hawaii Aloha Festivals, Merrie Monarch Festival, and World Invitational Hula Festival New Zealand Fiji Pasifika Festival The Pacific Community's Festival of Pacific Arts Festivals in Papua New Guinea
Languages
by region
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Languages of Oceania
Sovereign states
Eastern Australia Fiji Timor1 Indonesia1 Kiribati, Papua New Guinea, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia Nauru New Zealand Palau Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu
Dependencies and
other areas
American Samoa Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Cook Islands French Polynesia Hawaii Guam New Caledonia Niue Norfolk Island Northern Mariana Islands Rotuma Pitcairn Islands Tokelau Wallis and Futuna
A transcontinental country.
by category
Languages of Oceania
Literature
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Literature of Oceania
Sovereign states
Timor1 eastern Australia Fiji Kiribati Indonesia1 Papua New Guinea, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia Nauru New Zealand Palau Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu
Dependencies and
other areas
American Samoa Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Cook Islands French Polynesia Guam Hawaii New Caledonia Niue Norfolk Island Northern Mariana Islands Rotuma Pitcairn Islands Tokelau Wallis and Futuna
A transcontinental country.
Music
Austral Islands (French Polynesia) Australia Cook Islands Austronesia didgeridoo Easter Island Fiji Guam Hawaii Kiribati Lali Mori Melanesia Northern Mariana Islands Micronesia Federated States of Micronesia Nauru New Caledonia New Zealand Niue Palau Papua New Guinea Polynesia Slit Drum Smoa Solomon Islands Tahiti Tokelau Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Wallis and Futuna
Mythology
Australian Aboriginal Mori Fiji Melanesian Micronesian Menehune Oceania Polynesian Rapa Nui legendary creatures Vanuatu
People
Indigneous Australian Austronesian Chamorro Chatham Islander (Moriori or Rekohu) Fiji Hawaiian (knaka Maoli) Marshallese Melanesian Micronesian Negrito Mori Norfolk Islander Papua indigenous Polynesian Polynesian (MHI) Rapanui Rotuman Samoan Tahitian Tongan Torres Strait Islander
Religion
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Religion in Oceania
Sovereign states
Timor1 eastern Australia Fiji Kiribati Indonesia1 Papua New Guinea, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia Nauru New Zealand Palau Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu
Dependencies and
other areas
American Samoa Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Cook Islands French Polynesia Hawaii Guam New Caledonia Niue Norfolk Island Northern Mariana Islands Pitcairn Rotuma Islands Tokelau Wallis and Futuna
A transcontinental country.
Not included: Oceanian: cinema, (domestic) currency, clothing, folklore, kitchen. See also Category: Pacific Culture.
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Canoeing and kayaking
Main Sport
Polo Whitewater Slalom Sprint Marathon Sailing Freestyle
Olympics
Men Women Summer Olympics medal winners medal winners
Other sports
Creeking Dragon Boat Extreme Freeboating Outrigger canoe Kayak Surf Ski Snow Surf kayaking Squirt boating
International Canoe Federation
World Championships – Sprint (Men's Canadian medal winners, Men's kayak medal winners, women's kayak medal winners), Slalom
Recreation
Sailing craft Whitewater Canoe camping canoe kayak Kayak Kayak Kayak fishing diving Walk Dongola racing Canoe Canoe orienteering livery or rental Crossing the Ditch
Modern boat types
Canoe-kayak canoe Concrete Flyak International Canoe Kayak Folding Malia (Hawaiian canoe) recreational kayak sprint canoe
Traditional boat types
Aleutian kayak Baidarka cayuco Chundan Vallam Outrigger Sturgeon-nosed canoe canoe canoe Taimen Umiak Waka War
Techniques & Manoeuvres
C to C kayak roll Eskimo roll Kluning Portage Rescue Watercraft paddling
Equipment
Artificial whitewater Albano buoy system Outrigger Paddle Paddle Float Paddle leash Royalex sock Sea Spray Deck tuilik
Meteorology and sea states
Clapitus Whitewater
Kayakers
Jimmy Blakeney Paul Tyler Bradt Caffyns Tad Dennis Duff Chris Douglas C. Gordon tpnka Hilgertov Freya Hoffmeister Eric Jackson Ramo Kolenovi Brad Ludden Andrew McAuley Mark Pollock Alex Prostko Oskar Speck Rush Sturges Todd Wells Wiechern Nicholas Clay Wright Alexander Yermilov
Stages
List List of whitewater rivers artificial whitewater courses Play Spot Boulter's Lock Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness Broxbourne White Water Canoe Centre Canolfan Tryweryn Cardington Artificial Dickerson whitewater slalom course Dorney Lake Dutch Water Dreams Eiskanal Hawaii sur Rhone Helliniko Olympic Complex Holme Pierrepont National Water Sports Centre Hurley Lock Idroscalo Kanu Park Markkleeberg Thames Millrace Rapids Nene Whitewater Centre Northern Forest Canoe Trail Ocoee Whitewater Center Ohio River Trail Parc del Segre Olmpic Penrith Whitewater Stadium Raice, Czech Republic River Dart Rutherford Creek Saint Regis Canoe Area Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park South Bend, Indiana Stanley whitewater canoeing course Symonds Yat Rapids Tacens whitewater Teesside White Water Course Texas Water Safari The Loop, River Dart Tour Guden the U.S. National Whitewater Center Upper Dart Water Sports Centre unovo Wolf River (Tennessee)
Contests
List of world records in canoeing 2006 South American Games 2006 Asian Games Adirondack Canoe Classic Au Sable River Canoe Marathon Devizes to Westminster International Canoe Marathon Dusi Canoe Hawkesbury Canoe Classic Marathon Marathon Murray National Student Rodeo Series Thameside Waterside Series
Manufacturers & Suppliers
Attbar Bliss-Stick Jackson Rockpool Kayaks Kayak Royak Marine Tiderace sea kayaks
National governing bodies
American Canoe Association British Canoe Union British Dragon Boat Racing Association Canadian Croatian Canoe Federation Canoe Association Scottish Canoe Association Netherlands Canoe / Kayak Welsh Canoeing Association
Famous clubs
Burloak Canoe Club Forth Canoe Cruisers Association Canoe Club KINGSTON Royals Dragon Boat Racing Club Philadelphia Canoe Club Manchester Canoe Club Rideau Canoe Club Canoe Club Royal Viking Kayak Club
Other canoe / kayak organizations
Association of International Sports Federations Paddle Canoe Museum Canadian International Dragon Boat Federation Sir Alexander Mackenzie, Canada Sea-to-Sea Bicentennial Expeditions UK Rivers Campaign for Access to
In the arts
Chasse-galerie Men, Rivers and Canoes Paddle-to-the-Sea The rise and fall of the Great Lakes Water Walker
Categories: Boat types | Sailboat types | Canoeing | Human-powered vehicles | Exploration ships Hidden categories: Articles Tahitian language text About the Author
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